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BASICModule 3: Prompting Basics· 2/3

Examples & Roles

An example beats a description

Try describing the style of your Telegram channel in words. You'll get something like "lively but to the point, with light irony" — a thousand different styles fit that description. Now just show three of your posts — and the model catches the style more precisely than any description.

The technique is called few-shot prompting: instead of explaining, you show samples. According to Anthropic, examples are the most underused prompting tool and at the same time one of the most powerful.

How to build a prompt with examples

The structure: task → examples → new input.

Rewrite dry notifications in the style of our service.

Example 1: Before: "Your subscription expires on 02/01" After: "Your subscription is living out its last days — renew while everything still works"

Example 2: Before: "Payment failed" After: "The bank blocked the payment. It happens. Try another card"

Now rewrite: "Account blocked for violating the rules"

Rules for working with examples:

  • Two or three examples are usually enough; one is already better than none.
  • Variety matters more than quantity. The examples should cover different cases, not repeat one.
  • Quality is critical. The model will copy the flaws of the samples too — a botched example teaches botched output.
  • Edge cases — show how to handle a non-standard input, if one is possible.
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Examples convey beautifully what's hard to put into words: tone, rhythm, degree of formality, document structure. A report format is easier to show with one sample than to describe in a paragraph.

Roles: the model's point of view

A role at the start of a prompt ("You are an auditor," "You are a picky editor") tunes three things:

  • Criteria. An auditor looks for discrepancies, a marketer for growth points. They read the same document differently.
  • Depth. "Explain like a physics teacher to a fifth-grader" and "explain like a physicist to a colleague" give different levels of detail.
  • Tone. A lawyer writes differently from a blogger.

A role doesn't add knowledge to the model — it chooses which of the available knowledge to use, and in what manner.

The most underrated kind of role

"You are a skeptical critic. Tear this plan apart: find the weak spots, the risks, and the unfounded assumptions."

By default the model is tuned to be friendly: it praises, agrees, softens. For real decisions friendliness is harmful — you need a sparring partner, not a support group. The critic role removes that tuning. A combo move: first ask the model to improve a text, then, in the critic role, to attack the improved version.

Role + examples together

The maximum effect comes from the pairing:

You are the editor of our blog. Here are two samples of texts in our style: [examples]. Edit the article below to match this style. Whatever's off in the article's facts or logic — flag it with a comment [question: ...] right in the text.

The role sets the position, the examples set the specifics of style, the instruction sets the format for handling problem spots.

Key takeaways

  • An example conveys style and format more precisely than any verbal description.
  • Two or three varied, quality examples; the model copies the flaws of the samples too.
  • A role tunes criteria, depth, and tone, but doesn't add knowledge.
  • The critic role removes the default friendliness — a mandatory technique for checking decisions.
CHECK YOURSELF
1. You need the model to write customer replies in the company’s brand style. The most reliable way?
2. What does the role "You are an experienced auditor" actually change in a prompt?
3. Why ask the model to play a skeptical critic of your plan?
Anatomy of a Good PromptIterate, Don't Restart